Spectacles

An introduction to common eye problems and their management is given below. These are based on patient education pamphlets used in our hospital. Please click on the links to read the matter

What are the types of refractive errors?

There are three different focusing problems which may require the need for corrective glasses. These are: Myopia or shortsight

Myopia This is often discovered in children when they are 8 to 10 years old. A myopic eye is longer than normal and so light rays are focused in front of the retina causing a blurred image.

Hyperopia or long sight A hyperopic eye is shorter than normal and so light rays are focused behind the retina causing a blurred image. Most children are normally a little farsighted. Hyperopia needs to be corrected in young people if it causes decreased vision or is associated with crossed eyes.

Astigmatism In astigmatism light rays enter the eye and focus at different places on the retina. It distorts and blurs vision for both near and far objects.

Choosing a frame

The most important factor to consider is the fit of the frame. It doesnt matter how good a frame looks if you always have to push it back up your nose. Make sure that the frame fits the bridge of your nose without slipping down, remembering that the finished spectacles will be heavier than the frame when you try it on. The frame should not rest on your cheeks. Try smiling while you are trying on the frame - if it rides up, then it is sitting on your cheeks, not your nose. A frame should also suit your lifestyle. If you are very active, or wear your spectacles while exercising, then a smaller frame may be better, since your spectacles will be less likely to fog up than if they have a large, closefitting frame.

Readymade spectacles

Readymade spectacles are inexpensive spectacles which are sold without prescription in pharmacies and other outlets. Although readymade spectacles are often sold as magnifying spectacles they are designed to correct presbyopia. Presbyopia is a condition which affects practically all people over the age of approximately 45 years, in which the eye gradually loses the ability to adjust its focus to see near objects clearly.

Unfortunately people in this age group are also the most likely to suffer from eye diseases such as glaucoma and cataracts and are likely to neglect having their eyes examined for these diseases because they think that their problems will be fixed by the readymade spectacles. Without a professional eye examination, many serious conditions can easily go unnoticed until vision has been irretrievably damaged.

Readymade spectacles are also a poor consumer choice from an optical perspective. They have the same prescription in each lens but 75 per cent of people requiring a vision correction require lenses with different powers in each eye. They do not have any correction for astigmatism and 80 per cent of people require a correction for astigmatism.

Children with refractive errors

Modern research suggests that one in five school children have an undetected eye problem. A childs vision is fully developed by the age of 8, and without early diagnosis and treatment vision defects such as squints or lazy eyes can become permanent disabilities

  • Typical warning signs are: Excessive blinking
  • Squinting or screwing up the eyes to see
  • Peering closely at books and TV
  • Clumsiness
  • Poor performance at school
  • Reluctance in reading
  • Headaches

Children lead very active lives, and therefore spectacles must be comfortable and safe to wear. To this end all of our childrens spectacles are supplied with Plastic lenses. Plastic lenses are lighter that tradition glass lenses and more importantly are much more resistant to breakage. This combination provides lightweight and safe spectacles Contact Lens Practitioner has often prescribed for children of 10 years and above. The main criteria is to ensure that both children and parents are aware of the high level of care required to maintain contact lenses so that they are safe and comfortable to wear.

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